Sameera Casmod | sameerac@radioislam.co.za
28 January 2025 | 12:11 CAT
4-minute read

Escalation in eastern DRC: M23 fighters seize Goma amid intensifying conflict

M23 fighters have seized the key city of Goma in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), marking the most recent incident in the escalating conflict between the country’s military and the Rwandan-backed group.

The United Nations Security Council, along with numerous other leaders and organisations, have called for an end to the offensive which has forced thousands in DRC’s mineral-rich east to flee their homes and ignited fears that a decades-old conflict risks reigniting a broader regional war, according to reports.

“More than 400 000 people have fled their homes,” Dr Wayne Malinga said during this week’s Africa Report on Radio Islam International. “This destabilises the regions where the conflicts are taking place [and] also derails the progress that Africa has made,” he said, emphasising the urgent need for peace.

The M23, formed in 2012 by former members of the National Congress for the Defence of the People (CNDP), has a history of rebellion against the Congolese government, citing grievances over the non-implementation of previous peace agreements. Their resurgence in recent years has led to renewed violence, displacing hundreds of thousands and exacerbating regional tensions.

Recent reports indicate that the M23, allegedly backed by Rwanda, has faced resistance from both the Congolese army and pro-government militias as they advanced into Goma. The conflict has resulted in significant casualties, including the deaths of four South African peacekeepers, highlighting the international dimensions of the crisis.

The capture of Goma is not just a strategic military gain but also a symbolic victory for the M23, underscoring the Congolese government’s challenges in maintaining control over its eastern territories. The city’s fall has prompted fears of a broader regional war, reminiscent of past conflicts that have devastated the Great Lakes region.

The international community has expressed deep concern over the situation. Diplomatic efforts are underway to broker a ceasefire, with South African President Cyril Ramaphosa engaging in discussions with Rwandan President Paul Kagame to de-escalate tensions. However, the path to peace remains fraught with challenges, given the complex web of local grievances, regional rivalries, and international interests at play.

The M23’s resurgence and the subsequent capture of Goma have also brought to light the intricate dynamics of regional politics. Accusations of Rwandan support for the rebels have strained relations between Kigali and Kinshasa, with both sides trading blame for the escalating violence. The situation is further complicated by the presence of valuable mineral resources in the region, which have historically been a source of contention and conflict.

As the situation unfolds, the humanitarian impact cannot be overstated. Thousands have been displaced, adding to the already significant number of internally displaced persons in the DRC. Aid agencies are scrambling to provide assistance amidst the chaos, but access remains a significant challenge due to ongoing hostilities.

In the face of this crisis, the need for a comprehensive and inclusive peace process is more urgent than ever. The international community, regional actors, and the Congolese government must work collaboratively to address the root causes of the conflict, ensure accountability for atrocities committed, and lay the groundwork for sustainable peace in the region.

Trump administration’s foreign aid freeze raises concerns for Africa

The Trump administration has issued a directive halting nearly all foreign aid, with exceptions only for Israel, Egypt, and emergency food assistance. This decision has significant implications for Africa, a continent that has long relied on US aid for various development and health programs.

The suspension affects a wide range of initiatives, including counterterrorism training in Somalia, HIV treatment programs in Uganda, and food security efforts across the Sahel. Aid organisations have expressed alarm, warning that the abrupt halt could lead to severe humanitarian consequences, including disruptions in life-saving treatments and increased food insecurity.

Critics argue that this move undermines decades of development progress and could erode US influence on the continent, potentially opening the door for other global powers to fill the void. The decision has also sparked a rush among aid groups to seek waivers and alternative funding sources to continue their critical work.

As the situation develops, it remains to be seen how this policy shift will impact US-Africa relations and the broader geopolitical landscape. However, the immediate concern lies with the millions of Africans who stand to be affected by the sudden withdrawal of support in areas ranging from health to security.

Listen to the Africa Report on Sabaahul Muslim with Moulana Sulaimaan Ravat.