Neelam Rahim | neelam@radioislam.co.za
3-minute read
13 February 2025 | 16:30 CAT

Satellite-derived trends in ocean productivity from 1998 to 2023. (Image: CSIR)

A CSIR-led study has uncovered a disturbing trend of declining ocean productivity, with researchers warning of severe ecological and economic consequences. The extensive analysis, based on 26 years of satellite data, signals a decline in phytoplankton productivity, which could disrupt the entire marine food chain and exacerbate climate change.

The research, which spans multiple algorithms and ocean regions, has shown consistent trends of decreasing productivity. According to CSIR Principal Researcher Tommy Ryan-Keogh, these declines threaten ocean ecosystems that rely on phytoplankton, the microscopic plants responsible for photosynthesis in marine environments.

“There are areas of the ocean where these declines are consistent regardless of which algorithm we use,” Ryan-Keogh told Radio Islam International. “This suggests that marine ecosystems dependent on phytoplankton could be at risk of significant disruptions due to climate change.”

The study’s findings are alarming, considering the critical role of oceans in regulating carbon dioxide levels. With approximately 50% of the world’s photosynthesis occurring in the ocean, any decline in marine productivity has far-reaching consequences.

“Even if you are in a landlocked country, you are ultimately dependent upon the carbon cycle,” explained Ryan-Keogh. “The ocean’s ability to absorb CO2 is crucial in mitigating climate change, and a decline in productivity could accelerate global warming.”

Beyond climate implications, declining ocean productivity poses a direct threat to global food security and economies reliant on marine resources. Many coastal nations depend on fish as a primary food source, while industries like tourism and fisheries contribute significantly to national economies.

Despite the concerning trends, there remains a lack of consensus among climate models on the magnitude and direction of change. This inconsistency hinders effective policy interventions.

“Among climate scientists, we have been sounding the alarm for years, yet political landscapes often prevent meaningful action,” Ryan-Keogh stated. “Younger generations are experiencing eco-anxiety, fearing for their future as they witness these environmental changes firsthand.”

The study underscores the urgency for policymakers to address ocean health proactively. With mounting evidence of environmental shifts, experts stress that immediate intervention is necessary to prevent further decline in ocean productivity and its cascading effects on ecosystems and human societies.

As the world grapples with climate challenges, the fate of the oceans remains central to sustainable solutions. Whether global leaders heed these warnings will determine the future stability of marine ecosystems and, ultimately, human survival.

Listen to the full interview on The Daily Round Up with  Moulana Junaid Kharsany and CSIR Principal Researcher Tommy Ryan-Keogh here.